نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار فلسفه دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
The aim of this research is to infer the role of social factors in the creation of human knowledge in Al-Ghazālī (c.1056–1111) and Ibn-Khaldun's (c.1332–1406) views with a comparative approach. The method of this research is comparative analysis of Al-Ghazālī and Ibn-Khaldun's understandings of this phenomenon through reviewing and scrutinizing their views. Findings of this study show that the relationship between knowledge and society is one of the main concerns of these two Muslim philosophers. They both have tried to investigate how social factors influence various levels of human knowledge. In the view of Ibn-Khaldun, the division of people into rural population and urban population is based on a variety of social factors. But from the viewpoint of Al-Ghazali, the division of human beings into common people, theologians and mystics refers to their knowledge system which can be influenced by social factors. Results demonstrate that while Al-Ghazali notices the role of social factors as barriers to the realization of genuine knowledge, he determines their function in the formation of human knowledge such as jurisprudence, theology and politics. Ghazali in his approach mainly attempts to display negative aspects of social factors of knowledge formation and development. On the contrary, Ibn-Khaldun tries to explore the diversity of social factors such as Asabyyat (mostly known as tribal solidarity), geographical situation, economy, religion and environment with a realistic approach using an objective experience. He expresses both positive and negative roles and endeavors to show their impact just in the form of knowledge and not its content.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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